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Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes Patients

Diabetes is a chronic disease in which blood sugar levels are consistently higher than normal. It is resulted by pancreatic dysfunction causing the secretion of the hormone insulin is less than usual or there is insulin resistance. The patient therefore needs to control the level of blood sugar below 140 mg/dL. Diabetes is preventable by regular exercise for patients without disease or blood sugar level is controllable with nutritional therapy and exercise in order to minimize pharmacological therapy for diabetes patients.

Diabetes

Normally, the pancreas produces insulin in order to bring blood sugar to the tissues of the body to refuel energy. In which diabetes can occur only when the body acts abnormally as follows:

When the pancreas no longer produces insulin
When the pancreas produces a very small amount of insulin
When the body does not respond properly to insulin a condition known as “Insulin resistance”

However, if the body is unable to fully utilize the sugar in the blood as energy due to a lack of the insulin, it will result in higher blood sugar levels.

Types of Diabetes

For diabetics, it can be divided into 4 types as follows:

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a condition where the cells in the pancreas are unable to produce insulin. Patients with type 1 diabetes must use insulin injections to help to control blood sugar in the right amount.
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the body is still able to produce its own insulin but cannot respond to insulin effectively. As a result, blood sugar level gets higher than normal. In case of severe symptoms, the body will not be able to produce enough insulin as needed. However, the treatment for type 2 diabetes requires patients to take medication along with behavioral modifications such as weight loss, diet control. and exercise regularly.
Gestational diabetes mellitus is diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and it usually occurs in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy.
Specific types of diabetes mellitus can be occurred for many reasons, such as genetic diseases, pancreas disease, endocrine diseases and the usage of certain drugs, etc.

Prediabetes

Prediabetes is a condition in which the level of blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed with diabetes. Patients with pre-diabetes had no symptoms However, they can develop type 2 diabetes or may lead to other complications of diabetes, such as heart disease, commonly occurring symptoms in people with pre-diabetes.

Diet Therapy

Diet therapy is a therapy to provide diet knowledge to help in treatment and alleviate the symptoms of sick people. Various conditions including the suitability of the disease or condition during illness are considered according to the needs of the body in order to return to normal condition.

Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes

Nutrition therapy for diabetes not only helps to control blood sugar to be within normal limits but it can also help prevent complications that occur in people with diabetes, such as heart disease. Therapeutic methods are often used by choosing nutritious foods and it is good for health. There are 2 principles for choosing food as follows:

Choose food that are low in calories
Choose foods that are rich in complex carbohydrates such as starchy foods and dietary fibers including grain products, green leafy vegetables, nuts, and fruits.

Overweight Diabetics

Currently, there is no specific treatment for monkeypox but there are treatments to relieve symptoms and control complications. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says monkeypox is spread through direct contact with infected wounds, scabs, or bodily fluids. The disease can also be spread through respiratory secretions during prolonged exposure. Follow the below behaviors to protect yourself from being infected from monkeypox:

Wash your hands with soap or alcohol gel often especially after touching animals or commonly touched public items
Avoid contact with wild animals or animals that came from risk areas
Avoid contact with people who have a history of coming from a high-risk area and have symptoms
Avoid raising or importing wild animals from a foreign country where the origin is unknown
Avoid contact with animal blood, secretions or pustules
Consume only cooked meat
Quarantine for 21 days after returning from an epidemic areas
Vaccination against smallpox can help reduce the risk of infection

Treatment for Monkeypox?

Currently, there is no specific treatment for monkeypox. Treatment’s goal is to relieve symptoms and control complications. Monkeypox can be prevented by 85% with the vaccination against smallpox.

Vaccination against human smallpox can also prevent monkeypox. Therefore older people who were previously vaccinated against smallpox are still immune to smallpox. However, people born after 1980 will never be vaccinated against smallpox. As of July 2022, smallpox is not an epidemic and there is no vaccine available in Thailand.

To make an appointment for a consultation or talk to our doctors, Primocare Medical Clinic is ready to take care of your health and your mind to be completely healthy, promoting, protecting and healing. You can inquire or make an appointment in advance here.

Reference

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23 November 2022

The Importance of Cervical Cancer Vaccine

23 November 2022

Approximately 6,000-8,000 Thai women are infected and die from cervical cancer per year. With a death rate of 8-10 people in a day, cervical cancer is the second most common disease in Thai women after breast cancer. It takes an average of 5-10 years for this virus to transform cervical cells into cervical cancer. For a woman who has been sexually active, the risk of HPV infection is up to 80%. Cervical cancer can be prevented through cervical cancer screening every year and vaccinated against HPV virus.

Cervical Cancer

Most cervical cancer is found in women between the age of 30 and 55. It is caused by infection with HPV or Human Papilloma Virus, which can be transmitted sexually. It is the leading cause of epithelial infections that cause cervical cancer. It can also cause other types of cancer, such as vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer including genital warts. There are more than 40 strains of HPV that cause cervical cancer but the two most common strains for cervical cancer are strains 16 and 18.

However, most people with HPV show no symptoms at first. The symptoms of the disease can occur years after exposure and can be transmitted to other people. Cervical cancer patients have a variety of symptoms such as vaginal bleeding, fatigue, pelvic, back pain, menstruation that lasts longer or longer than usual, blood in the urine, loss of appetite and weight loss, etc.

Prevention and Treatment for Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is one of the preventable cancers. Prevention is better than cure. Prevention and treatment steps can be divided into three steps:

Primary Prevention means prevention before infection. This usually means promoting health as long as possible, such as vaccination against the main cancer-causing strain of HPV, using condom. Be careful not to come into contact with the infection and keep regular infection screening
Secondary Prevention refers to cervical cancer screening once a year to detect infection before it spreads to cancer or the pre-emergent phase (pre-invasive) using a Pap smear test. It is a screening test for cervical cancer by using a tool inserted through the birth path and smearing cells from the uterus to detect abnormal cells or altered cells that can cause cancer. For women aged 35-55, including all women who have been sexually active, should be screened annually.
Tertiary Prevention is the treatment of patients with cervical cancer to recover from the disease. The treatment will depend on the individual, such as surgery, chemotherapy or the use of radiation therapy, etc.

Vaccine Against Infection HPV

Currently, there are three types of HPV vaccines available in Thailand, types 2, 4 and 9. There are two strains that are the most common risk factors for cervical cancer, which are strains 16 and 18. Vaccines that protect against these two strains can prevent up to 70%-90% of cervical cancer.

All three vaccines are indicated for the prevention of HPV-related diseases in both women and men. Vaccines generally cover cervical cancer prevention, vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, penis cancer and rectal cancer.

Who should get HPV vaccines?

Vaccination against cervical cancer can be administered to both women and men. It is recommended to be vaccinated in women aged 9-45 years and men should be vaccinated between 9-26 years old. However, if one get vaccinated before having sex for the first time and the body is at an age that is well immunized, it will get the most efficacy from the vaccine. Those who are sexually active can also have injections.

A total of 3 vaccinations are required within 6 months. The ability to prevent infection will occur within 1 month after 3 doses of vaccination, if you would like to get the HPV vaccine or get advice from a medical professionals, Primocare Medical Clinic is ready to take care of your health in its entirety. You can inquire or make an appointment in advance here.

Reference

Better Posture, Better Health.

The Importance of Cervical Cancer Vaccine

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